Here are Top 3 frequently asked Summarize Spoken Text questions in recent PTE Academic Test (January 2023).

1.Absolutism

With the concept of moral objectivism, what we’re looking at is the idea that there can be some universal moral principles: some rules, some ideas and guidelines that are valid for all people in all social environments and all situations. The idea that we can essentially have some signposts or a road map to guide behavior is going to be consistent across all individuals. Now if we take a look at this in another perspective, we can come up with a view of moral absolutism. In the area of moral absolutism, basically, what we have is illustrated on the right-hand side of this slide, is a very firm and unyielding boundary between what is right and what is wrong. And so, within moral absolutism, basically what you have are these non-overridable principles. They must be followed. They must never be violated and there were no exceptions. It is always right. It is always wrong. And nothing is subject to interpretation, and nothing is dependent upon the situation.

Absolutism PTE Summarize Spoken Text (SST) – Exam Memory:

Absolutism may refer to the claim that there exits a universally valid moral system, which applies to everyone whether they realize it or not, and it contains rules, guidelines and principles which are universal.
It is like a road map to guide individual and social behavior.

Absolutism has no boundaries of right and wrong, it cannot be violated or betrayed and they have wide acceptance without assumptions and interpretations.

2.Biology Application

Now I’m going to talk about biology, especially applications used in biological systems. The biological system does not always stay the same, but it evolves. Biology engineering is the next level of engineering. Nowadays, scientists rewrite DNAs by cutting the pieces, and can create new organisms, so they can engineer and design nature. While scientists could only cut and paste DNA from one organism to another 40 years ago, they can now write and synthesise DNA to create new organisms with new techniques. If these organisms have a bacterium, when they go to the lab tomorrow, they will see millions of bacteria. Besides, scientists are building a cellular factory and cultivating millions of bacteria based on one bacterium. People also want to see a natural world in the future.

ave positive cash flow. Over 100 newspapers with cash flow in red had no money to publish the newspaper everyday. Some of them published three days per week. Small-sized newspapers only published once a week and had to go online. Some newspapers even disappeared. The staff working in newspaper industry decreased by 30-60% or more.

umber of dangers. Parents should know that leftover drugs are dangerous because they may be accidentally ingested by children. Either adults don’t keep the bottles properly closed and stored or because even many kids can sometimes open childproof lids. Patients may use the drugs after their expiration date. The leftover drugs may be taken for the wrong reasons. For example, self-prescribed to left over into microbial that was prescribed for a bacterial infection. But that drug will have no effect as the viral infections. Drugs that are left over might be given to or taken by someone else who may have a serious allergy to the medicine and who for that reason would not be prescribed to medicine under the supervision of a physician. Finally, inappropriate use of drugs promotes drug resistance if the drug is taken for the wrong indication, the wrong duration, or in the wrong dosage.

“Todd, what can people do about this how can the situation be improves?”

“I think physicians, patients and parents of patients can take steps to improve the situation. First of all, physicians should prescribe the drug only when appropriate, only in the correct amount and only for the correct duration. Also, the physician must stress to the patient that the full course of the drug must be taken. This is recommended even if symptoms resolved before the end of the prescription and parents of children on antibiotics need to ensure they complete their course as well.”

Biology Applicatoin PTE Summarize Spoken Text (SST) – Sample Answer:

The biological system evolves constantly, so that biology engineering is the next level of engineering. Scientists can rewrite DNAs by cutting the pieces, and create new organisms. Although they could only cut and paste DNA from one organism to another 40 years ago, they can now engineer and design nature with new techniques. Besides, scientists are building a cellular factory and cultivating millions of bacteria based on one bacterium. (69 words)

3.Genes

Since the discovery of DNA structure, people have believed that genes have an impact only on people’s physical structure.

However, the study of mapping of genes in 2001 found that there is a genetic responsibility to human’s physical and psychological behaviors, which has changed the way we understand our behaviors.

Findings from behavioural genetic research have broadly impacted modern understanding of the role of genetic and environmental influences on behaviour.

The research on genes has provided integrating information, and the findings can benefit biologists, psychologists and neuroscientists.

Qualitative research has fostered arguments that behavioural genetics is an ungovernable field without scientific norms or consensus, which fosters controversy.

Genes PTE Summarize Spoken Text (SST) – Sample Answer:

Since the discovery of DNA structure, people have believed that genes have an impact only on people’s physical structure. However, the study of mapping of genes in 2001 found that there is a genetic responsibility to human’s physical and psychological behaviours. This findings have impacted modern understanding of the role of genetic and environmental influences on behaviour, which can benefit biologists, psychologists and neuroscientists. (64 words)